What Is PAYG Withholding?
PAYG (Pay As You Go) withholding is a system where employers collect income tax from employees' wages on behalf of the ATO throughout the year. The amounts withheld are sent to the ATO and credited against the employee's final tax liability when they lodge their annual tax return.
Getting withholding right matters: under-withholding leaves employees with an unexpected tax bill at tax time, while over-withholding means they've given the ATO an interest-free loan for the year. Correct withholding means a small refund or small bill — neither a shock.
Which Scale Applies to Your Employee?
- Scale 1 (most common): Australian tax residents who have lodged a valid TFN declaration with their employer. Standard tax brackets apply.
- Scale 2 (no TFN): Residents who have not provided their TFN. The top marginal rate of 47% applies to all income (income tax + Medicare levy).
- Scale 3 (non-residents): Foreign residents for tax purposes. No tax-free threshold or LITO. Rates start at 32.5%.
- Scale 4 (working holiday makers): Workers on a 417 or 462 visa. 15% on the first $45,000, then standard rates above that.
2025–26 Resident Tax Brackets (Scale 1)
| Taxable Income | Rate | Tax on This Band |
|---|---|---|
| $0 – $18,200 | 0% | Nil |
| $18,201 – $45,000 | 16% | Up to $4,288 |
| $45,001 – $135,000 | 30% | Up to $27,000 |
| $135,001 – $190,000 | 37% | Up to $20,350 |
| $190,001+ | 45% | — |
Plus: 2% Medicare levy (above low-income threshold). LITO reduces tax by up to $700.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select the pay period — weekly, fortnightly, monthly, or annual.
- Enter the gross pay for that period (before any tax or super is deducted).
- Select the withholding scale — Scale 1 is correct for most Australian resident employees with a TFN on file.
- Medicare exemption — most employees pay the full 2%. Only select an exemption if the employee has an ATO exemption certificate.
- Click Calculate and the result shows how much to withhold from that pay run.
Note: This calculator does not account for HECS/HELP debt repayments, salary sacrifice arrangements, multiple jobs, or other adjustments. For complex situations, use the ATO's official Tax Withheld Calculator or consult your payroll software.
Frequently Asked Questions
Disclaimer: This calculator uses 2025–26 ATO tax brackets and withholding parameters. Results are estimates and may differ from your payroll software output due to rounding rules, HECS/HELP repayments, or other adjustments. Always verify with the ATO's official Tax Withheld Calculator or a registered BAS/tax agent.
Related Tax Tools
- Income Tax Calculator Australia — Calculate your annual tax liability
- Salary After Tax Calculator — Weekly, fortnightly and monthly take-home pay
- GST Calculator Australia — Add or remove GST from any price
- Superannuation Calculator — Project your super balance at retirement